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Google Shows How Not to Complain About the Patent Mess

Yesterday, Google Chief Legal Officer David Drummond blogged about the patents arms race that has major tech companies building gigantic portfolios of pricey patents, then using them to launch lawsuits or extract licensing fees (or, sometimes, to defend themselves against other companies launching lawsuits or extracting licensing fees). He called his post "When patents attack Android," and accused Google competitors such as Apple and to buy patents and use them to damage Android in the marketplace.

And then something unexpected happened: Microsoft released an e-mail from a Google executive which seemed to prove that Microsoft had invited Google to join it in bidding on some of the patents in question. Google declined to participate. Some conspiracy!

Drummond's post has accomplished something which you might have thought was impossible: it's leading to blogosphere coverage which largely sides with the patent aggressors. And while I agree with at least part of the gist of the post -- patents on questionable "inventions" are stifling innovation rather than aiding it -- the post doesn't make a convincing case that Google is being persecuted.

To wit:

1. Drummond: "Microsoft and Apple have always been at each other's throats, so when they get into bed together you have to start wondering what's going on." Sure, Microsoft vs. Apple is the tech world's most legendary ongoing battle. But the companies' history of working together when it serves both their interests is just as long. Remember this?

2. "But Android's success has yielded something else: a hostile, organized campaign against Android by Microsoft, Oracle, Apple and other companies, waged through bogus patents." Which patents are bogus, and why? We don't need a full accounting, but examples would have helped. (Google has vast quantities of patents itself, so I presume it's not opposed to patents, period.)

Also: nothing inherently wrong with competition between big companies being hostile. It's not always genteel and cheerful, and that's okay. Even necessary.

3. "Instead of competing by building new features or devices, they are fighting through litigation." What's with the "Instead of?" Apple is responsible for more of the smartphone biz's influential new features than any other single company. Its devices are the most iconic ones on the planet. Microsoft's Windows Phone 7 may not have much traction, but it's clever and available on a bunch of handsets. Both companies are building and fighting.

4. "Fortunately, the law frowns on the accumulation of dubious patents for anticompetitive means -- which means these deals are likely to draw regulatory scrutiny, and this patent bubble will pop." I hope so! And if it does, Google doesn't have a long-term problem here.

5. "Unless we act, consumers could face rising costs for Android devices -- and fewer choices for their next phone." I like cheap phones as much as the next gadget nerd. But I don't have any fundamental problems with the idea of companies using patents to preserve a competitive edge and prevent the value of inventions from immediately dwindling. It's when the patents aren't really for inventions that we have a problem. And Google's case would be a lot stronger if it demonstrated the bogosity of the patents it says are bogus.

As Paul Thurrott and others have pointed out, Android has gained so much mobile market share in so little time at least in part because Google gives it away to handset manufacturers that were used to paying companies such as Microsoft for software. Google can afford to give away a mobile operating system because it utterly dominates the search engine advertising business. The company knows how to play hardball. And if it's going to blog about all this-and I think it should -- it would be smart for it to explain just what makes Microsoft and Apple's actions unethical rather than just very, very aggressive.

[UPDATE: Google has amended the original blog post with a response to Microsoft's leaked Google e-mail. It's probably just me being dense, but I don't understand Google's brief explanation of why it chose not to join Microsoft's bid for the patents in question.]


For more smart takes on technology, visit Technologizer.com. Story copyright © 2011, Technologizer. All rights reserved.


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Ink-O-Dem Refill Service: Good Quality, Modest Bargain

Portrait of a Serial Refiller: Ink-O-DemThe Ink-O-Dem ink-refilling system has been on my mind for some time. As PCWorld’s Serial Refiller, I’ve been trying refilled and remanufactured black and tricolor cartridges for my HP Photosmart e-All-in-One, assessing their ease of use, output quality, and page yield. So far, all have been somewhat to significantly cheaper than the printer vendor's own cartridges; none, however, have matched the originals in output quality and ease of use, although some have come close.

Product:
Ink-O-Dem inkjet refills: Black, $10; tricolor, $15 (plus sales tax). Prices and compatibility may vary by store.
Vendor URL: Inkodem.com
Worth trying? Yes
Hassle factor: Low to medium
Print quality compared with OEM ink: Satisfactory
Yield (mixed set of samples): 126 pages
Cost per page: 20 cents (HP-brand inks: 26 cents)

Ink-O-Dem ink refill machineBased in McHenry, Illinois, Ink-O-Dem has installed on-site ink-refilling machines in thousands of stores nationwide, including Ace Hardware and Walgreens locations, as well as campus bookshops. You bring empty cartridges to the store, where an employee refills the tanks and returns them to you. (Contact the store first to confirm whether its machine supports your cartridges.) This is a step up from do-it-yourself refilling, letting someone else handle the messy part; trying Costco’s ink-refilling service, a similar procedure, was one of the easiest experiments of the seven I’ve done so far.

Ink-O-Dem’s small army of machines started supporting my printer model’s HP 60 cartridges only recently, and as of this writing most of the stores with the upgraded machines are located in the Midwest. As luck would have it, however, a store in San Jose, California--about 50 miles south of PCWorld’s headquarters in San Francisco--is testing the new machine. (We can't name the store, because Ink-O-Dem hasn't officially announced the store’s participation in this service.)

PCWorld senior editor Melissa Riofrio bought and drained two HP 60 cartridges, and then visited the store to have them refilled. The refill price was $10 for a black cartridge and $15 for a tricolor tank. The total price, $25 plus tax, is $10 cheaper than purchasing new black and color HP 60 cartridges from Hewlett-Packard. (HP also offers both cartridges in a pack for a small discount.) Your Ink-O-Dem cost may vary depending on the retailer you choose.

My Serial Refiller experiences are anecdotal: one printer, one set of cartridges, one chance for glory (or failure). They do not reflect how a third-party offering will perform with another printer, nor can they predict how it will perform over time. We also do not examine the archivability or durability of third-party products. But if you’ve been wondering whether refilled or remanufactured ink cartridges are worth the money and hassle, these experiences will give you a taste of what to expect.

A Leaky First Impression

Black cartridge leaking inkThe store was quiet when Melissa visited, so she waited just 20 minutes for the refill. (In contrast, my refill at Costco took an hour.) When Melissa retrieved the cartridges, she noticed that each had been given a little clip-on printhead cover. The cartridges were inside a small zipper-lock bag.

Because it was a very hot day, Melissa carried the cartridges with her, rather than leave them in the car, while she ran some more errands. Eventually she parked the car in a covered lot and left the cartridges in her backseat, thinking they would be okay in a motionless, cool car. But when she returned, the black cartridge had leaked some ink. The color cartridge seemed intact.

When I received the cartridges, I noticed black ink smudges inside the bag. Aside from the initial leaks, however, no additional ink seemed to have spilled out. Overall, the tanks were in good condition.

Smooth Sailing Despite Warnings

Installation went smoothly. I inserted the cartridges and ran the standard alignment procedure recommended by my HP printer.

Ink-smudged bagI began printing. The printer's LCD screen posted the usual ominous warnings that accompany third-party ink refills, including 'Original HP ink depleted' and 'Alignment recommended'. The latter one puzzled me, as I had aligned the cartridges only minutes earlier. The prints looked normal, however, so I ignored the messages and soldiered on.

Decent Output Quality

As for print quality, Ink-O-Dem's inks performed adequately. To the cartridges’ credit, the output had no ink blotches or other visible problems. The text and images were crisp and clear, and perfectly acceptable for everyday home and business use--comparable, in fact, to the printouts from the Costco refills I tried. Viewing these pages side by side with HP's output, however, I thought the differences were obvious: Ink-O-Dem's grayscale images had a slightly greenish tint, and its colors and textures weren't quite as realistic.

I'm quibbling here, of course. Fine details might matter a lot to the most discerning users, but less so to average folk who simply want decent print output for less. If you're in the latter group, Ink-O-Dem's inks are acceptable.

When I dribbled water across an Ink-O-Dem page, the expected streaking and color bleeding occurred. The resulting mess was no worse than what I saw with HP’s inks, however.

Cheaper Than HP, Pricier Than Costco

Page yield was pretty good: I printed 126 pages with the Ink-O-Dem refills before seeing streaks in images and text. The original HP cartridges printed 134 pages before streaks appeared, while the Costco-refilled cartridges lasted 148 pages.

The cost per page with Ink-O-Dem refills for my printer was 20 cents. That's nearly twice the price of Costco's refill service, which came out to 11 cents per page. With HP’s original cartridges, the price was 26 cents per page. As you can see, Ink-O-Dem falls about halfway between Costco and HP in the value category. Note, however, that Costco charges $50 or more for an annual membership, so it wouldn’t make sense to join solely to refill ink tanks unless you did so frequently.

Refilling with Ink-O-Dem was problem-free overall. At the prices we paid in the store we tried, however, it did not provide compelling savings over HP’s own inks, especially in light of the similarly easy--but significantly cheaper--experience I had at Costco.


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iPhone Leads Smartphone, but Samsung Still Gains

Apple became the top smartphone maker globally for the first time in the second quarter, IDC confirmed.

Apple shipped 20.3 million iPhones in the second quarter, ahead of Samsung, Nokia, RIM, HTC and others, in that order.

In the first quarter of 2011, Apple shipped 18.7 million iPhones, second to Nokia's 24.2 million smartphone shipments. Notably, Nokia is undergoing a transition to the Windows Phone platform, away from its Symbian devices. But it won't have Windows Phones out until late this year.

"The smartphone market crowned a new leader in second quarter, and its name is Apple," said Ramon Llamas, an IDC analyst. He said Apple has made huge strides since the iPhone's launch in 2007.

"Demand has been so strong that even [iPhone] models that have been out for one or two years are still being sought out," Llamas noted. "With an expected refresh later this year, volumes are set to reach higher levels."

Other market research companies have noted Apple's move to the top , including Strategy Analytics.

While Apple is on top as a manufacturer of smartphones, its iOS software is not the biggest globally. That mark goes to Android, which is used by several manufacturers, including Samsung and HTC. IDC will report on platform shipment totals for the second quarter in September, Llamas said in an email. Android first reached the top spot in the fourth quarter of 2010.

IDC said Apple's success stems from selling iPhones through more than 200 carriers in 200 countries, as well as its increased manufacturing capacity. While Apple has reached the top spot, it is still below Nokia's single-quarter record of shipping 28 million smartphones.

Samsung, in second place with 17.3 million smartphones shipped in the second quarter, saw 380% growth over the second quarter of 2010. Part of the reason is Samsung's popular line of Galaxy S smartphones, based on Android, IDC noted.

Research in Motion, finishing fourth with 12.4 million smartphones shipped in the quarter, saw only a 10% increase from a year ago. That is the lowest level of growth of the top five smartphone makers (although Nokia actually declined by 30%). Part of RIM's problem was that it released only a few new models in 2011, IDC noted.

IDC said that while Apple has hit the top spot, there is still no runaway leader, and the top five rankings could change in coming quarters.

Matt Hamblen covers mobile and wireless, smartphones and other handhelds, and wireless networking for Computerworld. Follow Matt on Twitter at @matthamblen or subscribe to Matt's RSS feed . His e-mail address is mhamblen@computerworld.com .

Read more about smartphones in Computerworld's Smartphones Topic Center.

Computerworld
For more enterprise computing news, visit Computerworld. Story copyright © 2011 Computerworld Inc. All rights reserved.


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Open Source Effort Will Deliver Low-Cost Wi-Fi for All

One of the great things about open source software is that it doesn't just bring a wealth of benefits to businesses. Rather, by making low-cost, high-quality software widely available to everyone, it also has the potential to change lives around the world.

Most of us are familiar with the One Laptop Per Child (OLPC) effort to put low-cost computer hardware in the hands of the world's poorest people, but a like-minded project that's less well-known aims to do something similar with Internet access.

The goal is to develop low-cost, open source Wi-Fi software, and on Wednesday Geeks Without Frontiers--an initiative of the not for-profit Manna Energy Foundation--announced the final development of just such a solution.

'Millions More People'

Facilitated by a grant from the Tides Foundation, the new open80211s (o11s) technology will enable the development and rollout of large-scale mesh Wi-Fi networks for roughly half the cost of a traditional network, says Geeks Without Frontiers. Designed to use existing hardware to minimize cost and maximize availability, it's expected to be particularly important in areas where legacy broadband models are currently considered to be nonviable economically.

Built primarily by Cozybit, the technology is managed by Geeks Without Frontiers and I-Net Solutions and sponsored by Google, Global Connect, Nortel, OLPC and the Manna Energy Foundation.

“By driving down the cost of metropolitan and village scale Wi-Fi networks, millions more people will be able to reap the economic and social benefits of significantly lower cost Internet access,” explained Michael Potter, one of the founders of the Geeks Without Frontiers initiative.

The video below explains the project in more detail.

Two Authentication Methodologies

Technologically speaking, nodes and antennae will work together in these new mesh networks to extend connectivity and the Internet to a wide area. The networks are self-healing, so that if one tower goes down, the software self-assesses and automatically re-routes to keep the network at full availability.

Manna Energy/Geeks Without FrontiersFor security, meanwhile, the new Wi-Fi software uses the strongest authentication methodology known to exist for mesh networks, the group says. Specifically, in addition to Simultaneous Authentication of Equals (SAE) to protect against offline dictionary attacks, it also implements Authenticated Mesh Peering Exchange (AMPE), which enables multiple authenticated nodes to encrypt traffic among themselves.

The combination of high-level security and open source code is designed to help ensure that new networks based on o11s are safer and yet significantly cheaper to deploy.

The next step for the project is to complete the current open source implementation of the upcoming IEEE mesh standard 802.11s, which is expected be ratified in the fourth quarter of this year. In the meantime, the latest version of the software is available for developers on the o11s site.

A World of New Possibilities

So what does this mean for those of us in the business world who are already fortunate enough to have Internet access? In a nutshell, it's going to mean a very different world on the Internet, populated not just by the “haves” but increasingly by those who were formerly the “have-nots” as well.

That's a very good thing, not just for all those coming on board at last--who will suddenly find themselves faced with a new wealth of opportunities--but also for us in the business world, by virtue of the dramatically increased numbers of potential customers and markets.

It's going to require new sensitivity on our part, to be sure, as we must increasingly realize that many of the consumers seeing our online ads, say, may live not in suburban subdivisions but rather in village huts.

But the opportunities will be there, not just for advertising and communication but for new types of products and services as well. This would be a good time to start thinking about what your company will do with this fresh new world of possibilities.


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Google+ Startup Beats Twitter, Facebook

Google+ is going great guns right out of the gate, with the site starting out far better than rivals Facebook, Twitter, and Myspace did.

Google+ , the social network Google launched just over a month ago, already has more than 25 million visitors, according to Comscore, an Internet traffic watcher.

Comscore said Google+ hit the 25 million visitor mark just shy of its one-month birthday.

Meanwhile, Comscore notes that it took Facebook about 35 months to get 25 million visitors. It took Twitter more than 30 months and it took Myspace more than 20 months to reach the 25 million-user mark, Comscore added.

"I'm mainly trying to put Google+'s exceptional growth in context by showing that Facebook is today the clear market leader even though it took longer than all its key competitors to reach 25 million," said Andrew Lipsman, a vice president at Comscore.

Lipsman added that at this point it's unclear how many of those 25 million Google+ users are regular users of the site or are simply people curious to take a look at the new site.

"It's hard to ignore the impressive growth numbers so far, but I think there are also many visitors who are still dipping their toes into the pool but not yet ready to dive in," he said.

He also noted that Google+ is still in a field trial phase and that users can only join the social network by invitation.

Dan Olds, an analyst with The Gabriel Consulting Group, agreed that the Google+ numbers are impressive, but he added that they're not surprising.

"Come on, they've got Google behind it," said Olds. "The visitor count is probably a combination of looky loos and actual users who are getting their profiles in shape."

And he also noted that just because Google+ is out of the gate faster than Facebook and Twitter, there's still a long way to go to usurp them.

"Facebook was the first truly mass market social network and, along with Myspace, was the pioneer," said olds. "They were mostly unknown and had to build up their brand from the ground up. Google+ comes into an environment where social networking has a lot of mindshare and users, and it has the Google name attached to it and Google resources behind it. Its hit count should grow pretty quickly."

The Comscore report noted that the U.S. leads in Google+ visitors with more than 6,440,000 from home and work computers (not from mobile devices). India comes in second with more than 3,600,000 Google+ users. Both Canada and the U.K. have had more than 1 million visitors and Spain rounds out the top 10 with more than 460,000.

And Comscore also pointed out that 63% of Google+ users are male.

Sharon Gaudin covers the Internet and Web 2.0, emerging technologies, and desktop and laptop chips for Computerworld. Follow Sharon on Twitter at @sgaudin , or subscribe to Sharon's RSS feed . Her e-mail address is sgaudin@computerworld.com .

Read more about web 2.0 and web apps in Computerworld's Web 2.0 and Web Apps Topic Center.

Computerworld
For more enterprise computing news, visit Computerworld. Story copyright © 2011 Computerworld Inc. All rights reserved.


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